Journal: Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy

Article Title: Identification of genes involved in breast cancer and breast cancer stem cells

doi: 10.2147/BCTT.S85202

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gene expression among different cancer types. Notes: Relative gene expression analysis of nine genes that were overexpressed in breast cancer and breast CSCs. The gene expression also was studied in colon and lung cancer, colon CSCs, lung CSCs, embryonic stem cells, and in a reference sample. The experiments were performed in triplicate and a P -value of <0.05 was considered significant. Abbreviations: CSCs, cancer stem cells; ESCs, embryonic stem cells; HP , haptoglobin; SMPD1 , sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1, acid lysosomal; SCRIB , scribbled homolog ( Drosophila ); KCMF1 , potassium channel modulatory factor 1; FAM155B , family with sequence similarity 155, member B; PTGER3 , prostaglandin E receptor 3 (subtype EP3); GPR3 , G protein-coupled receptor 3; TMX2 , thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 2; DDX49 , DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 49.

Article Snippet: During the exponential phase of proliferation, commercial breast CSCs cells were plated in 24-well plates (E36102-29-24Well; Celprogen) and transfected with gene-specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) using Lipofectamine 2000 Reagent (11668-027; Thermo Fisher Scientific), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Expressing, Sequencing

Journal: Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy

Article Title: Identification of genes involved in breast cancer and breast cancer stem cells

doi: 10.2147/BCTT.S85202

Figure Lengend Snippet: Breast CSCs pre- and post-siRNA knockdown. Note: Representative images showing breast CSCs pre- and post-siRNA knockdown. Abbreviations: CSCs, cancer stem cells; siRNA, small interfering RNA; TMX2 , thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 2; FAM155B , family with sequence similarity 155, member B; PTGER3 , prostaglandin E receptor 3 (subtype EP3); GPR3 , G protein-coupled receptor 3; DDX49 , DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 49.

Article Snippet: During the exponential phase of proliferation, commercial breast CSCs cells were plated in 24-well plates (E36102-29-24Well; Celprogen) and transfected with gene-specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) using Lipofectamine 2000 Reagent (11668-027; Thermo Fisher Scientific), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Small Interfering RNA, Sequencing

Journal: Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy

Article Title: Identification of genes involved in breast cancer and breast cancer stem cells

doi: 10.2147/BCTT.S85202

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gene expression of stemness transcription factors in breast CSCs. Notes: Relative gene expression of transcription factors in breast CSCs following knockdown. The ∆∆Ct method was used to perform the analysis. Each bar represents the average of the Ct values. The assays were performed in triplicate and a P -value of <0.05 was considered to be significant. The assays are presented in a log2 scale. Thus, positive values indicate overexpression while negative values indicate underexpression. Abbreviations: CSCs, cancer stem cells; TMX2 , thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 2; FAM155B , family with sequence similarity 155, member B; PTGER3 , prostaglandin E receptor 3 (subtype EP3); GPR3 , G protein-coupled receptor 3; DDX49 , DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 49; NANOG , Homeobox protein NANOG; OCT3/4 , Octamer-binding transcription factor ¾; SOX2 , sex determining region Y-box 2; CD34 , Hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34.

Article Snippet: During the exponential phase of proliferation, commercial breast CSCs cells were plated in 24-well plates (E36102-29-24Well; Celprogen) and transfected with gene-specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) using Lipofectamine 2000 Reagent (11668-027; Thermo Fisher Scientific), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Expressing, Over Expression, Sequencing, Binding Assay

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Induction of AMPK activation by N , N’- diarylurea FND-4b decreases growth and increases apoptosis in triple negative and estrogen-receptor positive breast cancers

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209392

Figure Lengend Snippet: Equal numbers of MCF-7, T-47D, MDA-MB-231, HCC-1806 or breast cancer stem cells were treated with fresh medium that contained different FND-4b concentrations (0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μM) for 24 h. Western blot analysis was then performed for phosphorylated and total forms of AMPKα, ACC, and S6 as well as cyclin D1 and cleaved PARP. Beta-actin was used as the loading control. Treatment of the HCC-1806 cell line was repeated to confirm the spike in AMPKα activation at the 5 μM dosage with subsequent decreases at higher concentrations.

Article Snippet: Human breast cancer stem cell complete growth medium was from Celprogen (Torrance, CA).

Techniques: Western Blot, Activation Assay

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Induction of AMPK activation by N , N’- diarylurea FND-4b decreases growth and increases apoptosis in triple negative and estrogen-receptor positive breast cancers

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209392

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Equal numbers of MCF-7, T-47D, MDA-MB-231, HCC-1806, or breast cancer stem cells were grown in medium containing 0 or 5 μM FND-4b for 72 h followed by cell counting. (B) The same procedure described in (A) was followed with the exception of growing cells in medium containing 0 or 1 mM AICAR instead. (C) MCF-7, T-47D, MDA-MB-231, and HCC-1806 cells were grown in medium containing different concentrations of FND-4b (0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μM) for 72 h before SRB growth assays were performed. Data are presented as mean ± SD from experiments performed in triplicate (cell counting) or sextuplicate (SRB assays) and are representative of three independent experiments. * indicates p-value < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Human breast cancer stem cell complete growth medium was from Celprogen (Torrance, CA).

Techniques: Cell Counting